additives to bread ,,,,?
9 years ago
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- 9 years ago
- 9 years agolast modified: 9 years ago
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TY, solsthumper (eye-of-round leftovers)
Comments (1)Thanks SM. I appreciate any and all superlatives. I haven't made this in so long, and it might have something to do with having one ultra-finicky kid and a vegetarian teenager. But I'll have to try this again. And -next time- I have a feeling Jim and I will be tickled at the prospect of leftovers. Thank you for this great idea and recipe! Sol...See MoreBread Problem
Comments (10)A day late and a dollar short, but anyway, here's that recipe Lou! I hope people can post suggestions as I really like this bread and I'm determined to perfect a recipe that's loaded in whole grains and fiber, with lots of what in my house we call "groats" sprinkled throughout the bread, but that will also rise and not be like a rock! It's from the Artisan Bread in Five Minutes a Day book and it's their recipe for oatmeal bread: 1 3/4 cups lukewarm water 1 cup whole milk 1/2 cup maple syrup 1 1/2 Tbsp yeast 1 Tbsp salt 1/4 cup veg oil 1/2 cut oat bran 1/3 cup wheat bran 1 1/2 cups old fashioned rolled oats 1/2 cup whole wheat flour 4 1/4 cups unbleached all purpose flour My changes were: I switched the milk and water, using 1 3/4 cup milk (I didn't have whole and I can't recall if I used 1% or 2%) and 1 cup of water. I used honey in place of the maple syrup. I didn't have wheat bran so I used 1/3 cup oat flour in its place. I reduced the oil to 1/8th cup. Then I added the following and soaked them in the milk for about 10-15 minutes (but I think I should have soaked them longer as they were still a bit hard): 1/4 cup steel cut oats 1/4 cup wheat berries 1/8 cup sesame seeds. The recipe makes 3, 1 1/2 pound loaves. I made two free form and one in a bread pan. None of them rose very high - the bread in the pan was "squatter" than a banana bread type loaf would be and the only way I can think to describe the free form loaves is for anyone that's made biscotti - that's the shape the loaves ended up - about an inch, inch and a half tall and that's about it. As I keep saying, the taste was great (heavy, but again, I like that) and it's just getting a higher rise that I'm after. I plan on adding some vital wheat gluten to my next batch as that was suggested. Any other tips from you expert bread makers out there?! Thanks! Lisa...See MoreGrainlady - About the role of salt in yeast breads?
Comments (5)Sue- Is it the wisdom of the ages or science from the experts? This is what I've read from "experts" - I'm just the person sitting behind the keyboard typing after I've gathered a stack of books by my side. According to Shirley Corriher in "Cookwise", salt plays three roles in dough: It enhances flavor, controls bacteria, and strengthens dough by tightening gluten. She even suggests if the water you are using in your breads is soft (low mineral content), you'll want to be sure to add high-mineral salt - which are natural sea salts, not table salt. The minerals in natural sea salt also play into yeast activity. But what is too much salt... As little as 1/3 t. of salt per cup of flour can be enough to noticeably slow yeast growth. Salt can be added intentionally to slow yeast growth. More salt may be added to dough, such as in a bakery setting when you would want to slow down fermentation until the next shift of workers comes on. The small amount of salt we add to yeast and naturally-leavened breads doesn't really give a salty taste, nor does it contribute largely to the daily sodium intake in a normal diet or normal sodium amounts for people who aren't watching sodium intake, but salt helps to bring out the flavor of the fermentation. As anyone who has ever left the salt out of a recipe can attest, bread without salt is somewhat insipid - but that's because our taste is often trained to like salt and salty flavors. Then there's all the hub-bub about when to add salt. I wait to add salt towards the end of the kneading, along with the fat. I only add the fat early if I want a close crumb - or an almost cake-like texture (for sandwich bread as an example - breads that need to hold together when held in your hands and keep spreads from dripping through). The gluten will have an easier time developing, and will develop quicker (meaning you will need to spend less time mixing and kneading) when you wait to add the salt after gluten development. Once you add the salt, the gluten really tightens up. You can actually feel the difference in the dough. Peter Barham in "The Science of Cooking" says "...the salt acts to modify and control the action of the yeast. Harold McGee in "Keys to Good Cooking A Guide to Making the Best of Foods and Recipes" and "On Food and Cooking": Salt contributes to a balanced taste and intensifies aroma in bread, but it also affects structure and texture. Salt makes a dough less sticky, and gluten more stretchy, and the finished loaf lighter. In sourdoughs, salt helps control the growth of acid-producing, gluten-weakening bacteria. [So there's that bacteria mentioned by Shirley Corriher as well.] Salt isn't a leavening agent, but it helps control the leavening agent, as you thought. You can make perfectly good bread with very little or no salt at all (other than the naturally occurring salts in water, other ingredients, etc. - there is always a source for some sodium, even without added salt). But as one book pointed out, when it came to taste tests, people liked breads with more salt than less salt. As a person who doesn't use a lot of salt in their diet, I'd choose less salty flavor - so flavor is subjective. When using less salt in breads, you just need to watch the rise because it will be faster than normal. Peter Barham, in his book, intentionally made bread with lower salt amounts to see how little it could actually be, and he came to the conclusion you didn't need salt at all and that the bread tasted fine. "Fine" isn't what most people expect homemade bread to taste like, however. So you can use a long cold rise to develop flavors, instead of adding salt, or as much salt. And there is the old rule of thumb... If you reduce the salt in a bread recipe, be sure to reduce the yeast as well. So if you cut the salt by 50%, reduce the yeast by 50%. I was also taught in cooking and baking classes that a little salt makes sweet things taste sweeter, hence the ever-present "pinch of salt" in things you wonder what difference did that small amount actually make? There are a lot of factors to keeping bread fresh. Choose enriched breads and sourdough, instead of lean doughs. If you want your bread to stay fresh longer add fenugreek or rosemary because these ingredients are antioxidants, "they prevent oxygen in the air from combining with compounds in the dough, thus acting as a preservative by preventing chemical changes in the dough." I add an acid ingredient to whole wheat breads in the form of ascorbic acid, which is another antioxidant you can add to aid keeping bread fresher longer, but also counteracts the effects of Glutathione in wheat germ, which can damage the gluten strands. Yeast also works better in a mildly acidic mixture. But don't add an acid to naturally-leavened breads because they are already acid enough. My personal favorites for keeping bread fresher longer are coconut oil, agave nectar, and chia seeds - and you won't find these ingredients discussed in any books by "experts". Coconut oil was used in commercial baked goods until the mid-20th century because it helped lengthen shelf-life. As a medium-chain fat, coconut oil doesn't go rancid as quickly as polyunsaturated oils. When pressure was put on the market to use hydrogenated fats and polyunsaturated fats, the shelf-life was shortened, foods went rancid quickly, and they had to find new stabilizers and chemicals to use instead of coconut oil. Coconut oil was used for popping corn at the movies and sports stadiums. They popped large amounts long before it was needed and packed into containers to be used later, and using coconut oil in it kept it fresher longer. Nobody likes stale popcorn.... Coconut oil aids in slowing down mold growth as well. Agave nectar does an excellent job of holding moisture in baked goods, as does chia seeds. Both keep moisture in the crumb of breads from migrating through the crust, so they slow staling - which is an interesting read in and of itself. If you are going to freeze your bread, there is a lot of science about using honey in your breads instead of sugar. The honey will aid in keeping the moisture in the crumb, and I suspect agave nectar has a similar quality. Hope the experts have given you the answers you were looking for. -Grainlady...See MoreI'll share my recipes, if you'll share yours - August 16
Comments (1)Oh Luckygardner, this sounds delish! I need a small loaf to take to a friend so this will be perfect. Thanks! I saw this "recipe" in our paper and thought it sounded interesting. They were talking about meals that you don't have to turn the oven on for since it's upper 90's here. Tangy Chicken Wrap Chicken (can use rotisserie chicken) Tomato Pesto Romaine lettuce Shredded cheese Green Onions (optional) Tortilla Spread the Tomato Pesto on the tortilla and add chicken, lettuce, cheese and onions. Wrap and enjoy. I've never tried the Tomato Pesto but I bought a jar and some multi-grain pita bread so I will be making a version of these today for lunch....See More- 9 years ago
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