Leafminers burrow between cell walls. This means they are protected from pesticides. You can use a systemic for vegetables from Bayer, Ortho, and other companies. Not necessary unless you want pretty leaves. As said here before, we eat the fruit not the leaves. Aim for pretty fruit. This link gives you detailed info on the leafminer and has a photo of your leaf! Here is a link that might be useful: American Serpentine Leafminer

There is no reason to get rid of these beneficial predators just because you fear their 'bite'. They will soon dissipate even before they develop wings, and it is doubtful that you'll come across one again. As adults, they can fly to sources of potential meals and also fly away from the paws of curious children. Teach your children that they should not handle insects or animals of any kind, without permission. Even ladybugs can bite. I've had a praying mantid draw blood. Think of all of the stinging caterpillars!

Now, we can talk! This is what I was suspecting but couldn't see from the original photos. And WHO was gonna believe this? Your pest is the larvae of the three-lined potato beetle. It piles its excrement on its back as a fashion statement of some kind (actually a good disguise). Your plant is in the same family as potatoes, tomatoes, etc. Here is a link that might be useful:

Using rubbing alcohol mixed 50/50 on any bugs on succulents and other plants, without adding any soap (soap will dissolve wax on leaves unless it is vegetable-based, like Castile soap. It may not cause much damage if using seldom, but if bugs persist it could be too much. I know it is recommended to improve 'stickiness' of the spray). No problem with any damage to leaves, as long as you don't spray in hot sun. After it dries (quite fast) it is OK to put plants back. So far, I didn't use anything else for bugs. Works well on mealy bugs, scale and many others. Aphids could be 'washed off' with stiff spray of water unless large contamination (and if impossible to do it inside).