I think 2 is actually Euphorbia x japonica. Not sure about 1, but it's also a Euphorbia as Rina said.

I am not sure if there is specific way to learn IDs, maybe it depends how much you want to study!:), if you read thru this forum, you'll find many, many threads asking for ID. Most of us like to know exact names. Common names could be confusing, since same or similar could be given to completely different plants. So it may be best to learn scientific names. Just reading few different thread on this forum could start you. Or you can get really interested, and start with Plant taxonomy... I would start with looking at photos of plants in same genera, for example Kalanchoe...or Echeveria...or Sedum....just to get idea what plants in that genus look like, in general. There are many plants in these, and could look quite different from each other.

Thanks, all! I'm thinking through all the options.... I don't really want to take stained trim out of the two upstairs bedrooms because upstairs is really where I like the stained trim the best. Feels very cozy to me up there with the sloping ceilings, and just works. Part of the reason I don't love it so much downstairs, and especially in the dining room is because of the wide trim around the sliding glass door that is a different color and type of wood -- it just clashes, plus the built-ins are painted white, and it's a a mish-mash. Here's a scenario: What if I painted baseboards throughout the first floor of the house, and also the window and door trim in the dining room and kitchen, but left the stained window and door trim in the living room and rest of the first floor? Would that look janky or jarring? (Maybe I should note that we have quite a bit of wood furniture that my dad made throughout the house, so there would still be wood notes in the dining and kitchen.)

@girl_wonder I completely understand where you're coming from, but I am really interested in a waterproof product. In a ski house and with a dog and kids, I feel like the maintenance of hardwood is too much for us (the wood floors in our primary residence are trashed). Kerry, did you paint the windows or leave the wood stain? I would love to see a before/after if you have one!