Foodsaver 101 - help me please
loves2cook4six
13 years ago
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grainlady_ks
12 years agolast modified: 9 years agoannie1992
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clematis feeding 101 - help ?
Comments (2)katie is right - there are many ways to approach this and no single correct answer. First, it is important to remember that when growing anything in the ground (containers are very different), fertilizing is never a requirement. Fertilizers are intended only to supplement soil nutrients that may be deficient or lacking. They are not really "food" - plants manufacture their own food through photosynthesis, utilizing these soil nutrients, sunlight and water. And if you've taken the time to improve your soil and add organic matter - usually through some form of a mulch - on a regular basis, you may never need to apply additional fertilizer. But not everyone has great soil and not everyone mulches regularly with a good organic mulch and so many DO resort to annual fertilization. Some clarification of terms may be in order :-) Compost is decomposed organic matter - plant or animal refuse. Most homemade compost is recycled garden trimmings and vegetative kitchen scraps. One can also purchase commercial compost, often from recycled yard waste. But there may be other, not so well-defined ingredients included as well. Manure is just that - animal manure. It is generally recommended that one stick to manures from herbivores. Manure can be fresh, aged or composted. Aged or composted manure is best and if you are growing edibles, composted manure is the safest with regard to any pathogens. And if you are making your own compost, there is no reason you can't add any appropriate manure to the mix as well, if you have it available. In my old garden, I spent many years and a lot of effort improving my soil and I mulched regularly with compost. I never used any fertilizers because there was no need - the plants got all the nutrients they needed for good, healthy growth and flowering from the soil. I also had rabbits as pets and I did use their manure for various plants that now and again looked like they could use a boost; roses primarily but sometimes lilies and clematis as well. Because of the heavy flowering capacity of these plants, they tend to have heavier nutrient demands than many other plant types. Any annuals or harvestable crops like veggies would benefit from this approach as well. If I were to use fertilizers (and my new garden may very well require some), I'd stick to organic ones as they nourish the soil. And too many different products can be confusing and can lead to over-fertilizing which is far more common and potentially far more damaging than not fertilizing at all. In your situation, I'd go with the rose fertilizer and mulch with compost, either from garden waste or well-composted manure or a combo of the two. That should be all your clematis ever needs....See MorePlumeria 101 - Help
Comments (3)Hi Rick, First where are you in CA? This is really not the best time to start cuttings. The first ones I ever bought were at a home show in Sept, many years ago and they told me lots of things that just were not true. I killed the first set and then the second set but I finally got the hang of it. I am in Lakewood, which is close to Long Beach and mine are outside all year. All of mine will lose their leaves this time of year and I have stopped watering them because the worse thing that you can do for these plants/cuttings is for them to sit in water or damp soil. I do try to start all cuttings in Feb, March and April. But still have some cuttings that have not rooted and will be moving them on the patio so they will not get wet if we get a lot of rain this year. On your cuttings you need to cut back any parts of the plant that has black on them since the rot will work up or down depends on where it started. You might want to cut them and let them dry out some, not in soil and then either try again this year if you do have a heating mat or put them in a dry warmer place and save them for the spring. I can tell you more if you post pictures. I will say that if you are trying to root them then you should only water once and then don't water again until you start getting leaves. And they do so much better outside. Sometimes that take 3 to 6 months and they do much better if they have heat/sun and I put mine that I am starting on the cement so the pot gets heat at the bottom of the pot. I almost hate to say that I now have between 600-700 plants all sizes. So have been doing this for a while. I hope this helps and if you have any more questions they are a lot of people that will help you. Good luck, Barb...See MoreSafe use of FoodSaver - help please
Comments (8)I believe the bacteria involved in soft cheese is Listeria, which can multiply under the right conditions and become the toxin Listeriosis. The CDC estimates that approximately 1600 illnesses and 260 deaths due to listeriosis occur annually in the United States. It's been associated with Mexican-style soft cheese, and other types made with unpasteurized (raw) milk, but other dairy products as well -- generally from lack of pasteurization, OR introduction of the bacteria at some point after it's been pasteurized, OR post-processing contamination from unpasteurized milk. Listeria can grow under either anaerobic (without oxygen) or aerobic (with oxygen) conditions. The bacteria multiply best at 86-98.6 degrees F, but it also multiplies better than all other bacteria at refrigerator temperatures. I believe these are the reasons not to vacuum-seal soft cheeses. Vacuum-sealing might encourage keeping them much longer than might be safe. We consume all kinds of bacteria all the time, it's when it's in the right environment that the bacteria multiply and become a toxin. It's the toxin that's the problem, and that doesn't happen with much regularity. The challenge comes because we don't know if the bacteria is actually present to begin with, and that is why we should practice good food safety rules when choosing, handling, preparing and storing foods of all kinds. Vacuum-sealing just isn't the appropriate method for everything. Factors that increase Listeria's potential to human health: (source: linked below) 1. Grow at refrigerator temperatures, 32-degrees F and above. 2. Grow in an acidic (as low as 4.4 pH) or basic (as high as pH 9.6) environment. 3. Tolerate low moisture environments; it has been detected in hard fermented salami. 4. Grow under anaerobic conditions at refrigeration temperatures. This property makes Listeria a potential threat to the safety of foods packaged under vacuum or modified atmospheres as the growth of this microorganism is not inhibited in vacuum packaged food items. 5. Grow at extremely high salt concentrations, especially at refrigerator temperatures. It has been detected in commercial cheese brines. Thus, cheese brines should be considered as potential sources for cross-contamination. 6. Due to Listeria's ability to attach to different surfaces, packaging materials can be a potential source of contamination. I've been using a FoodSaver since 1986 (on my 3rd one) and I have practiced home food storage since that time and vacuum\-seal large quantities of dry goods (both bags and jars), refrigerated and frozen foods \- without incident. Dry goods stored at room temperature need to be at 10% moisture or LESS. Things I DON'T vacuum\-seal because the moisture level is too high for dry\-packing using a vacuum\-seal is brown sugar and popping corn. I also avoid vacuum\-sealing home\-dehydrated foods because in most cases the percentage of moisture left in the food is unknown. Home\-dehydrated foods are also short\-term storage foods which should be used relatively quickly and store well in an airtight container. When it comes to the freezing foods that are raw, fresh, or cooked, you simply apply good food handling practices and incorporate the proper practices for thawing to increase a safe food supply. At least 80% of the food items in my freezer are vacuum\-sealed. I can "flip" through the baskets that contain frozen fruits, vegetables, breakfast meats, pre\-cooked meats in individual servings, portioned ground meat (raw and pre\-cooked) as well as all meat purchased in bulk, stacks of homemade bean burgers/tuna or salmon patties...... Chili, soup, pasta sauce, sloppy joe mixture, etc., are all frozen in user\-friendly sized containers. Once they are completely frozen, I pop them out of the containers (now the plastic containers can be used for something else), stack the food cubes and vacuum them. I can quickly use one frozen cube of chili to turn into a taco salad meal, topping for baked potatoes, or as a soup. I generally portion foods first, quick\-freeze them, then vacuum\-seal them. I cook for 2 adults, but I make most things in large amounts (cook once for many meals) and freeze them in portions. These are my "convenience" foods. I probably only make mashed potatoes 2 or 3 times a year (after my spring harvest, fall harvest, and when I find potatoes BOGO), but always have portions of freezer mashed potatoes ready to thaw, heat and serve. I also freeze portions of cooked grains and beans. I just made a large batch of black beans and I quick\-froze them on a rimmed baking sheet covered with a sheet of FREEZER paper. When they were completely frozen, I lifted the freezer paper and the beans loosed from the paper. I then used the freezer paper as a funnel to pour the loose beans into a FoodSaver bag. With the opening of the bag to one side, smooth the beans into a single layer and vacuum\-seal the bag shut. When you need some black beans, cut the bag open, give it a tap and the beans will once again become individual frozen beans and you should be able to measure out the amount you need. I try to freeze foods in a single layer this way. Then they are easy to "file" in my small plastic baskets that line my freezer shelves. I always re\-package commercial frozen foods into FoodSaver bags so they last longer. \-Grainlady Here is a link that might be useful: [Food Safety \- Listeriosis \#9.383](http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/09383.html)...See MoreFoodsaver users -- please answer my easy questions
Comments (6)Linda is absolutely right about losing moisture in food by letting it sit in a freezer. That's why you'd never freeze anything for a few hours; that will form ice crystals which you don't want. The question had to do with vacuum sealing, and I've found it's best to only leave food in the freezer for as long as it takes to firm. For some foods that's 10 minutes; others could take 30 minutes if they have a lot of moisture. Some moisture is lost, which is what allows you to vacuum seal without pulling too much moisture from the food, since that is often what prevents the bag from sealing. There's a fine line; you'll have to figure out where that is for your particular freezer. The less time you leave it in the freezer, the better off your food. To maintain freshness it is best to allow as little air around the item as possible. Of course; that's exactly what the vacuum sealer is for. I freeze hamburger patties first, because beef that has turned dark just looks nasty to me (not fresh). I've personally never had a loss of moisture in the meat by doing this to the point I can vacuum seal it (15-20 minutes in the freezer). Again, I just don't want the juices to run into the machine. When I throw them on the grill after they've been thawed, at least they look appetizing enough to eat! No one I know wants to eat a grey, nasty looking hamburger patty. Again, with cookies, because they are vacuum sealed there is no moisture loss as there is no oxygen for ice crystals to form. Even if you cut the end off the bag to allow a little air into it, then simply fold it under the food while it thaws, there's no moisture loss. Opening the bag first keeps the food from being compressed as it thaws, so instead of a dense compact cookie due to lack of oxygen, you'll have one that expands a little and becomes more...uh, ''normal'', for lack of a better word, because of the air. I've eaten things from my freezer that were vacuum sealed as long as a year before and experienced no losses of flavor/color/moisture. That's why my vacuum sealer has paid for itself in a short amount of time; it's in the cost of food that's no longer thrown away. They're especially great for small households, just for that reason. In fact, I'm on my second one in 7 years, since I wore the first one completely out. When I was designing my kitchen, I realized the vacuum sealer was one of my most used appliances. Because it gets used at least 4-6 times a day, we never throw out food any more!...See Morepkramer60
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