Say wot?? The big difference in operating an engine at WOT or less than WOT is determined by whether the engine really is running at WOT.....or if it is simply "running at governed RPM". If an engine is designed and built with a governor to keep the engine RPM below an arbitrary MAXIMUM RPM, it is perfectly OK to operate the engine at that RPM....continuously. In fact, a lot of engines that feature a governor, are operated at governed RPM throughout most of their life. You only have to consider all the big trucks on the highways to see the largest population of governed engines. On the other hand, trying to run an "ungoverned" engine at WOT will result in total destruction of the engine in a matter of seconds. The old arguments (countless) about low RPM being "easier" on the engine and "producing less wear"......are groudless. When an engine is run at low RPM, the lubrication of the engine is less effective, whether pump or splash (but we're splitting hairs here). As to cooling, the higher RPM circulates the cooling medium with greater force and velocity (and volume) at higher RPM, so cooling is more effective at higher RPM. Water pumps, and cooling fans, are both "centrifugal pumps" or movers. At very low RPM, either of these components could theroretically rotate WITHOUT moving any of the medium they are "immersed in" (whether air of liquid). The reason is because the medium exerts a certain resistance to the impeller to set the mass of the medium into motion. If you move the impeller (or "fan blade") slowly enough, the medium simply moves off the outer edge of the impeller and flows around the end of the impeller to the backside of the impeller without influencing any more of the medium mass than is situated inside the water pump, or fan housing. In order for a centrifugal pump or mover to actually affect "flow" into and out the housing, the impeller must be spun at a fairly high RPM. So, if you think you are "saving the engine" by shifting to a higher gear so the engine can turn slower, you could be doing more harm than good. Shifting to a higher gear actually increases the pressure applied to the crankshaft rod and main journals as well as the piston wrist pin. By shifting to a higher gear, you are denying the engine the benefit of "power multiplication" offered by the lower gears in the transmission. Because the throttle must be opened wider for the engine to operated in a taller gear, the combustion pressures in the cylinder increase dramtically in contrast to using a lower gear with less throttle. Sounds contradictory? Almost. The best RPM to operate an engine is the RPM that allows the engine to accomplish its job without bogging down or lugging down, If an engine is being operated at the proper RPM for the load, that engine will be able to accept an increase in load, without having to downshift to a lower gear. If the engine RPM can not be maintained without down shifting, you are putting too much pressure on the crankshaft AND, probably don't have the best lubrication as well. This is a very general description of why it is best to err on the side of caution, and in this case, "caution" lies in the higher RPM range (and lower gears).

LOL .. ya Bonnie he will show up .. he is that stupid :o) He isnt looking at a few months in custody he is looking at maybe 5 - 7 years + +. I have yet to hear for the fool .. but its only a matter of time cuz he doesnt even have any clean underwear .. yuck. I got my new kid on the 5th. So far he isnt any problem at all. But he isnt in school yet so the expectations are pretty minimal. Tomorrow I am going to start tightening the screws :o) We are going to go the Humane Society in the morning (7:30 am) to volunteer. He needs to be doing something so why not work on his 40 community hours that he will need to graduate. I would have to say that the other foster parents in our program are a bit jelouse as my kids are hand picked just for me :o) My old social worker deals with all of the kids in the group homes so she knows me well and what type of kid would do well here. It works out great for me as they are usually an excellent fit so we have little issues :o) This kid is pretty explosive (so they tell me) but I have yet to see any behaviours .. you have to love the honeymoon period :o) He really likes all of the animals in our home which is a plus as the pets tend to defuse alot of the emotions a kid feels. Laura

Hi Stupid :) Now, I don't know squat about growing Caladiums, but 2,500 foot-candles seems a lot. Aren't they shade plants? I would think these would be happy in 1,000 foot-candles. I'm guessing 10" pots? That would make about ten square feet you need to light and you really need about 15,000 lumens. Boost up all my numbers if they need more light or you have bigger pots. Normally you would be looking for efficiency and long life, but in your case you should just find the cheapest fluorescent bulbs that you can and add them up to about 200W. All that changes if you plan on using the bulbs every year or to grow other stuff, then you'd want a more efficient system that cost more up front. So you'll probably end up with a bunch of cool white 40W T12 tubes from Home Depot and the cheapest shop lights you can find. Efficiency and long life in this case would probably be a 250W metal halide lamp costing several hundred dollars. For seedlings you can stick the tubes right on the top of the seedlings and get really intense light, but that doesn't work with big plants because the top gets fried and the bottom doesn't get enough light. You need you tubes maybe 6"-12" from the top of the leaves and you need to rig a reflector around the tubes to send all the light down onto the plants. You can buy them, but maybe you should just bend some aluminium sheet into a half-circle, or use mylar, or whatever you can lay your hands on. A totally different approach would be to rig a temporary heated greenhouse affair outside. Sunlight is free and it seems like all you would have to do is keep it warm for a couple of months.

Hi! Just a quick note on planting times for daylilies..I have had a lot of luck with planting in the Fall also; it's a great time to get good deals at the garden centers, and also works out well when I need to divide and transplant, as I'm not so busy as in the Spring! Just do the usual cutting-back of the foliage, and be sure they get enough moisture before the ground freezes. The plants should be well-established by Spring, and you should get flowers, depending on the size of the scape. I have ordered online with success, but my favorite place to visit locally (I live between Rochester and Buffalo)is a place in Shelby called Cottage Gardens. They have a website also; just Google them..Happy gardening!