The first one is Dianthus barbatus, Sweet William. Try comparing your second plant to Silene latifolia. Here is a link that might be useful: Google image results

Drew, I can send you some seed of a few of the varieties you listed if you are interested - they grow locally or as street trees in my area. Im pleased that you are interested in our beautiful aussie flora. Cheers

g'day roy, there are around 3 leaf eating bugs for gum trees they all look similar to each other but surprisingly have different scientific names (don't have them to hand) they look a bit like an oversize lady bird, our method of treatment as to do an early morn' collectin and drop them into a bottle with some kero' in it same treatment for their larva when you find it. these bugs can all but denude a tree of foliage but for the main the tree will revive over winter, i think the best control method is to attract the noisy miners into you garden they will take care of the larva and hence the beetle, the honey eaters will also help. search for eucalyptus leaf eaters. this may help len Here is a link that might be useful: lens garden page

I have a couple of those grafted Eucalypts (Summer Red etc.) etc., growing on the Central Coast. You can cut them off as Greg has said but I do not bother. The gumnuts look quite attractive on the tree, I reckon. The flowers when wet, weigh more than the fruits, and even more so when a flock of parrots are feeding on them. My trees are about eight years old and have never snapped a branch.