Think of them as living things and they need nourishing. Water does that. You have done a good job of bringing them along in the container and keeping them from freezing in your garage. The bulbs have roots which does protect them down to severe temperatures----40 below zero..C or F. The foliage that has been produced may suffer...but it should not delay the proper time for its revival when temperatures improve. Keep watering them to keep them alive....not like you usually do, just to give the bulb some moisture. Mulching heavily should do the rest.

It can be useful to use a bulb basket for planting out if you have a small garden. It's a bit easier to locate the plastic container and reduce the risk of bulb kebabs on your garden fork...:-((. Then you can clear away the bulbs in time to plant up for a summer's display and watering regime. If you want to do this - be sure that the pots you use have very generous holes otherwise the daffs particularly will circle the pot many times before they find an exit. Not optimum for developing buds and reserves for the following year. Also - some Narcissus seem to be downright picky about flowering in pots more than once. (Jonquils. Tazetta.) Others, such as Tete a tete and Jetfire are quite uninhibited and multiply generously. The system you're proposing - lift and replant annually - definitely works in my zone. Make sure you select your bulbs for size and keep the smaller bulbs together for growing on. Tulips. Deep pots are better, IMO. They provide enough room for the droppers and the formation of the new bulbs. But I'd have to be very fond of the variety before I'd be excavating foot-deep holes.

I don't believe you have to worry about protecting your pots of bulbs. The common rule is to assume that your pots will provide soil temperatures one zone colder than your ground. Tulips are certainly hardy to zone 5 (and colder). I would think you're perfectly safe.

They should pop back in a day or two. If not the roots or stem may have been damaged in the process. You did water them and there is a way for water to drain correct? Over watered plants will wilt too.