I will go with black locust as well. I took my little dog for a walk this evening specifically to look at the foliage of my Ky coffee tree and black locusts. The coffee tree's leaflets are pointed, and the locust's are not. It looks like a robinia.

Could have been a large shrub, I believe their was a block wall in front of it but it was probably 12 ft tall so I thought tree rather than shrub. I've never heard of Cordia...Thanks

It could be star magnolia but really hard to say without a closeup and knowing your garden zone. Google "USDA plant hardiness zone" and you can find a map that will show you the zones.

And it completely depends on what type of soil and where the water is. I have a beech tree that I planted as a #15 in a spot that had been a gravel driveway. I moved it 10 years after planting, during which time it had barely doubled in size, only to discover that the compacted gravel beneath it meant that the root mass was less than a foot deep. I moved it to good soil and five years later it was about 10 times the size it had been when moved. Same deal with a Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca Pendula' that had been planted in a raised bed next to a parking lot at a local nursery. It was scratching customers' cars so they told me that if I could get it out, I could have it. The root 'ball' resembled a tortilla! And the tree was reasonably healthy and attractive. I saw the root mass and figured that there was no way that the tree would survive the transplanting. Today, 10 years or so later, it is magnificent. One of the reasons that I go through the exercise of moving trees rather than just eliminating them is that it is a great way to examine what is going on unseen... I have had no problem gardening around cedars (and I have a lot of them). Totally different than redwoods. The only thing that you can put under a redwood is mulch.