I like Porch #1. (A copy of Porch #1 on a wider footprint than your current porch...another 12'' or so added width on both sides of the door & sidelights.) Extending a long porch along the front of your house will shade the windows...depending on where you live, that could be good or bad?

Depends upon what you plan to plant in them & the size of your yard. In general I would say no less than 24” - 36” & sometimes wider. Better to go a little larger than too small when it comes to planters.

So I would absolutely keep the rug. I would do a cooler color on the wall like a gray green or gray blue. Get a runner to go between the doors that coordinates with your existing rug. I would add real baseboards but if you can’t just paint a 4” wide white band above what you have to fake it. Add a narrow console table with an open decorative front to hide the air conditioner. Paint the door to the house charcoal gray. I found these curtain panels that to me could mimic artwork to hide the vertical blinds. Then add a seating are there. Keep the bench and mirror as is. I don’t have photoshop so excuse my poor mockups lol.

No on the window because, IMO, it is too shabby chic for you home…lovely, by the way. Indoor/outdoor runner up to front door; rattan furniture, all working with a new front door color. Suggesting B.M. Somerville Red for the door AND the storm door. Art, instead of the window, your choice, of course, this is from greatbigcanvas.com region Florida. Out door sofa (love the look) and indoor/outdoor runner are from all modern.com. The faux croc pillow cover is from etsy.com. Instead of 2 18 x 18’s, I think three lumbars would work out better. Couple of garden stools in white. These are from Hayneedle. Add perennial climbing vines on the columns. Would ever consider painting the columns black?