Do you plan to stay in this home for many years? If so, my advice to you is to start with the big stuff. A tree can take decades to fully mature, so it's best to think about them first and worry about the smaller stuff later. Nothing gives a yard appeal and character like beautiful mature trees in my opinion. You certainly have room to add some smaller trees if you wish. I would think about understory trees such as dogwood or japanese maple for the shady area and various conifers for the sunny slope. Your flower beds don't look overgrown to me. They may need some weeding, but there's a lot of nice stuff there. Take the time to figure out what you've already got before adding stuff. The really tall plants in the round bed look goofy, though. I'd find a place at the back of a bed to move those, assuming they aren't weeds.

Not a pro here, but I would make that bed on the right larger and put the Japanese maple about 15 feet out if this is your forever home. J. maples are small to start out, but after 10-15 years, they can become rather large width-wise especially. I would use a few different shrubs in the larger bed with smaller perennials and/or annuals to fill in the bottom. I am in zone 7 in northern VA, with mostly shade/part shade and I have Hydrangea paniculata, azaleas, and several hollies out front. Under them, I use hellebores (evergreen and one of my favorites if they grow in your area), hosta, Aquilegia (columbine), Heuchera (what you call coral bells which you have on the left and which would pull the two sides together if you repeated it), bulbs for spring color, etc. If your bed is mostly or full sun, I would choose different plants, but use the same layering technique. The lattice looks fine to me. Have fun!

I like 'Jane'. I have a tree form 'Jane' in my garden that will be blooming in a month. You might have room in the far left bed that has the curve out on the house corner that I have not seen up close yet. There is not enough room for 'Jane' in the rest of the foundation beds. You might not want to hear this. I want to rip out the front walkway and redo the whole front entry. You have a substantial home on a sizeable lot with a tiny narrow walk and skinny beds that are not going to work for the quite nice plants you have bought so far. They deserve better. Simply replacing the existing bushes in the beds as they are is not going to give you much of a makeover. The best you could hope for with new plant choices is less pruning and a softer look.

I'm so glad to hear you love your big trees. They are a treasure! I suggest a low wooden deck that fills most of the rectangle between your door landing, out to the edge of the planting bed. For cohesion and privacy, an "L" shaped fence replacing (or in front of) your low picket fence and your neighbor's trellis-topped fence. NOT a solid wood fence, instead a horizontal open board fence. It will let in air and light but give enough privacy that you'd feel comfortable sitting out there. You could even mimic the three-panels of fence at the end of your lot. That's your space for a couple lounge chairs, large flower pots, grill, whatever. In that existing planting bed and in the planting bed alongside your garage, I'd do hostas (if deer aren't a problem) or ferns. Include a few spring bulbs. For viewing interest, a boulder fountain and/or bird feeder would be wonderful. That was a good idea to paint the masonry blocks especially of your garage to match your siding. Oh and you could make another horizontal fence panel to hide the trash can area. Do you think you'd need more privacy than that? It doesn't look like you're right on top of your neighbors. If you can fit in a small tree, such as a crabapple, that might be a nice way to guide your sight lines.