Or repot it into a plastic pot with plentiful holes in the bottom that will fit inside that decorative one. Always remove from the decorative one to water, and do not replace inside the decorative outer container until all the run-off has ceased.

probably came from a nearby bird feeder ... and that was why.. back in the day.. i moved my feeders to be over the cement driveway ... rather than all the seed falling in the garden ... ken

Could be a fungal infection. Succulents are fairly good at sealing off fungal infections if they are minor--you end up with a dried up black spot like that. Watch the humidity in the air--cut back water when it is hot and humid. Make sure succulent plants get plenty of light, and watch for scale insects and mealy bugs which can damage or kill plants.

The first is something in the mustard family and not what I would call ornamental. I don't have a name on it. Maybe Thlaspi arvense. http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/weeds/plants/pennycress.htm Second looks like goldenrod, Solidago, and appears to be the running type which you don't want in your garden. Solidago canadensis may be the species.