I'd assume that you need to know all the items for your remodel (plumbing fixtures, size of sinks, appliances etc.) before you order cabinets. It's best to either decide on the models of sinks and appliances that you want, or to be sure that you have several options of similar dimensions before you set your cabinet order in stone. You don't want to order cabinets without thinking about the size of sink you want to use, or whether you want a standard 30" range, a 36" range, or a cooktop and wall oven combo, or whatever.

As for lead times, I think the cabinets might be the longest-lead time item, depending on whether they're semicustom or custom. So that's like anywhere from 4-8 weeks for semicustom or 8-12 weeks for custom. Find out the lead time from the various suppliers you're interested in. They usually hit it right on the nose or slightly early.

Same goes with appliances -- call the vendors and find out how long it usually takes for the models you're interested in. You do need to decide on which models you want at the cabinet ordering stage, because you need to know the exact sizes of your appliances when you order cabinets, and you need to have the actual appliances on hand before cabinets or counters are installed around those appliances. If you have any installation with tight tolerances (say you want to box in the fridge, or you have a wall oven to install) you'll want those on hand so that a tight fit can be achieved. Sometimes appliances are out of stock when you order, so you could either wait for that vendor to restock, or find another vendor with inventory.

Sinks vary, depending on how fancy you're getting. If you order the sink at the time the cabinets are ordered, you can store it in the garage until you're ready.

Faucets and plumbing fixtures can have longer lead times than you might think, again depending on whether you're buying a fancy european model or an off-the shelf item.

Lighting varies greatly, you can either buy in-stock or sometimes items can take weeks (2-5?) to order. Depends on whether you've chosen specialty items, and how time sensitive you are. Also, if you're very choosy or have an exact vision you want to achieve, I'd get those items early, and plan exactly for their installation. (esp. with undercabinet lighting -- you'll need to plan for the electrical work, and depending on whether it's low-voltage, you might need to plan where to place the tranformer.) It's easier if you know you just want pendants over the island, and you're open to multiple kinds of pendants to fit at the junction box you have installed.

Paint is an immediate item. Deciding on the color might take time and a number of samples, but once you decide, they'll mix it for you immediately.

As for flooring, sounds like you have it, but you may be wondering when to install it. Depending on the type of flooring, it may go in before the cabinets (ceramic tile) or after (floating click flooring, some engineered wood) or be installed first and partially finished with a final coat of sealer after the cabinets are installed (site finished hardwood).

For myself, I started stockpiling the items I wanted -- vintage lighting fixtures, sinks, faucets, appliances I bought on craigslist and ebay -- and filled up my living room with boxes. Not the way everyone wants to live, but it helped me to have the items on hand when ordering the cabinets (I could see how the stainless steel farmhouse sink would fit into the cabinet, and I could decide what size cabinet would work.)

If you have more specific questions, there's lots of info on these boards about what goes in before what. Good luck!