Ozlifter,

How well fall-sown seed does for you depends on the kind of soil you have, how well it drains and whether you have an average winter in terms of rainfall, or a very wet or very dry one.

I've planted all the ones you listed above in late summer through mid-winter and had success with them, but I'm really far south. Your results might vary.

Almost any perennial or biennial can be sown in fall or winter, and some of them need it because they require cold scarification before they'll sprout.

If you have heavy clay soil and it is a rainy fall and winter, you may have trouble with seeds or plants rotting.

If you've never tried the wintersown method, you might want to give it a try. It generally produces better results than direct-sown seed because the environment is more controlled.

It has been so long since I planted seeds in fall, I don't remember precisely when I did it. For perennial wildflowers, it probably wasn't until October or November. For most other things, a bit earlier, but for larkspur and poppies, it probably was January. Mine have reseeded or returned from their own roots for so long that I don't have to plant any seed unless I am wanting to add a new variety.

I've had success with hollyhocks and with malva sylvestris (aka French Hollyhock) with both fall and late winter plantings.

Dawn

I too have planted all those listed in the fall. In addition batchelor's button, zinnias, celosia, amaranth, and some petunias all self seed in my garden. I also have purple morning glories that have been selfseeding for several years and cypress vine. Oh and Rudbeckia (black eyed susan) self seeds in the fall. In the herb area dill and cilantro selfseed as well as garlic chives which also have a fragrant blossom. Digitalis (foxglove) also can be fall sown and may selfseed.