A few years ago, I was considering writing a really good post about container soil and soil drainage. Before I got very far, I did a GardenWeb search and up came THE most read and most commented upon post on this entire website. After reading Al's post, I figured he had already done probably a better job than I would at it. Below is a link to the latest copy of that post. There have been over 2000 responses posted to this series (yes the maximum number of responses has been reached many times over). It will take a while to read it all, but, believe me, the payoff will be HUGE. Just a few things to keep in mind while you are reading Al's stuff... 1. You will need to repot your trees fairly frequently, so you'll probably want to use the medium that will maximize the time between replants. 2. Drainage and soil texture/structure are a whole different ballgame when we're considering containers, compared to planting in the ground. 3. You'll need to provide proper fertilization, and Al also has a GREAT series of posts about that subject. Here is a link that might be useful: Container Soils - Water Movement and Retention XVI

I would repot it in good mix of coconut husk chunks w added Perlite or Growstones. Give it a good soak prior in Kangaroots and/or Vit B and keep moist for a while. Get it back to thicken roots and when the roots fill back out. Repot into new pot you have. Lifting it up and repotting it in your new pot would mean no major root pruning (into the haddock roots) at all. No matter how frequently you lift and repot a plant any and all roots newly exposed will be called "it's Caudex". This plant could very much like puglvr's (Nancy's) beautiful specimen which used to be the head of the Adenium forum. It is amazing and used obsessively by users all over the globe. Cannot find a photo. This plant in the photo above belongs to Nancy of Florida (puglvr) and I am posting to show it's style. She had some wonderful photo's of it later than this and it is a piece of art. Rick

No rootstock designation on the tag. Oh yes, there were some suckers in that photo, it was the 'before' pic. I removed them already. Hopefully that main root that goes straight down (sideways in the pic) is OK even though it is forked. I figured I would wait a few weeks to remove the stakes, otherwise I do think the plants will fall right over in the loose 5-1-1. Even with the stake I think there is a noticable amount of movement. Eventually I hope to try using sand in lieu of perlite in the mixes. The lime, kumquat and meyer (pic in my other thread) all came with tiny fruits. They have been dropping them every day, which I expected. Fingers crossed that a few hang on. All the meyers are gone, though. And no flowers. And that's the one that I don't need to prune. So I guess I will go ahead and prune the rest now; blazing hot summer-time is OK?

Thanks and appreciation for the kind words, IP! If I must prune or defoliate, my instinct, given that days are shortening rather than lengthening, is to remove some of the bottom leaves first--does this seem reasonable? A couple of notes so you can tell where I'm coming from:Every leaf is an individual food factory in which the plant's true food (simple sugar) is synthesized during photosynthesis. Your plant is very apically dominant, which means it's genetically programmed to spend about 2/3 of the food/energy it creates in the top 1/3 of the tree; so, the top grows quite fast compared to the lower leaves and branches. Leaves and branches along the lower part of the trunk contribute significantly to the strength/ thickness of the lower trunk. This helps to make the trunk strong enough to resist laying over (bending - so it needs staking). Shortening the trunk has the same effect as shortening a stick that when long, bends easily. When shortened, it's much more difficult to bend. So, if you have to prune, the top is the place to do it. The good news is, if it isn't wilting in the day or two after repotting, you're not likely to encounter issues. I don't wonder if more photosynthetic activity might support faster recovery, especially given the season, since I can water every day if I need to, so access to water isn't as limiting as root mass to absorb it. I don't have much personal experience root pruning/recovering, really appreciate any guidance on the balance. If you don't see any wilting within 48 hours, you can move it back to where it was. It's good that you understand the balancing of the root to shoot ratio. The balancing is going to be done no matter what - whether you do it or the plant. In cases where the rootwork was more severe than what it sound like you did, it's better if the grower decides what leaves and/or branches will be shed, as some branches are often much more important to the o/a composition. A grow medium about as damp as a well wrung out sponge is best for water uptake, so please don't think you can force more water uptake by keeping the medium wetter. Does the 2-leaf suggestion apply equally to lyrata as other smaller-leaf ficus? Yes I haven't seen any pictures of lyrata with heavily branched canopy, it seems a little tight in my mind--a 12 branch indoor lyrata sounds neat but I can't visualize it.Try this link. I wish the top wasn't floppy, I figure it's a mix of new growth + height + lack of mechanical stimulation to thicken. Very good observations! I do not wish to stake this tree and hope that shaking it vigorously a few times a week after the roots set will help thicken the stem. You can flex the stemwhenever you think about it to stimulate lignin production. Lignin makes wood woody and strong. Or, you can brush the stem with a stiff brush regularly, which stimulates formation of ethylene (a growth regulator/ hormone) which stimulates thickening of the stem. I understand some ficus are hemiepiphytic and appreciate support but I'd rather to encourage a thicker stem--I have a couple smaller ficus I'd like to train straight+thick while small too. Certainly pruning off the floppy top would solve this problem; if there are other techniques I'm very interested! Under low light conditions, pruning back at regular intervals is the best way to ensure a self-supporting trunk that won't lay over. Thickening of the trunk, at any given point along the trunk, is the product of what is growing above that point. The more leaves and branches you have on the entire tree, the faster the trunk will thicken. If it doesn't thicken fast enough to be self-supporting, the top gets pruned back and regrown ...... because the top of the tree is going to get 2/3 of the tree's energy w/o you having to do anything other than restrain it (the top) if it is in full outdoor sun. If you don't restrain it, you'll start to lose lower branches and interior foliage due to A) lack of light/ the top hogging the lion's share of the energy - something to think about later. The tree with the big white scar was about 9' tall when chopped back. Same tree 3 years later ^^^ Last summer ^^^^ Of course that chop was made for a different reason, to produce a rapidly tapering trunk. Your pruning wouldn't be even close to that severe. BTW - if you're pleased with a straight trunk and no branching, you can achieve that end, even after shortening the trunk. It seems like maybe a bit before June would also be the best time for this so the new buds grow in tightly, right? I can easily visualize training the benjamina into many many tight branches, I'm really looking forward to learning from the plant on this rehab project. Yes, June would be the best time to hard prune it, though it wouldn't hurt to remove some of the unnecessary branches now. Your tree is a Ficus microcarpa and it's leaves are a bit thicker and more 'leathery' than benjamina. It's a good tree to learn on because it's a strong back-budder when healthy. Another microcarpa: Pruned very hard in June ^^^ Early to mid-August (6-8 wks later) Pruned again and wired, same day. How do you deal with all the extra flush water after watering? All plants are outdoors in summer, so no problem. In winter, I raise the plants above their collection saucers so the effluent has no pathway back into the grow medium. I allow the water to remain in the saucer where it evaporates and reduces the amount of energy it takes to keep humidity in the grow area up around 55%. For most collection saucers I use sturdy but disposable plastic dinner plates. Fortunately, all my plants are in the basement under lights, so I don't have any concern about how tacky the collection 'saucers' would look in the living areas of our home. You might be able to make a simple device that allows you to use any vacuum cleaner to such water from the collection saucers. It would require a large jar with 1 long flexible tube through the top but extending into the jar for an inch or more. Another tube/hose would be fitted so one end goes barely through the top of the jar, the other end being connected to your vacuum. When suction is applied, water would run through your collection hose, drop into the bottom of the jar where it could not be sucked into the tube connected to the vacuum. Al