See link on pear scab (aka blackspot). As I mentioned earlier, immunox should take care of it, although as the article says, it's not as severe or devastating as apple scab. Regarding your apples, I posit leafhopper b/c the upper leaves of your apples are curled, a result of the leafhoppers sucking the sap out of them. If you can kill the leafhopper nymphs (often seen on underside of leaves) it will be easier to control damage in future. Insecticidal soap, pyrethrins, and imidacloprid are all apparently effective, esp. the last as it's systemic in leaves -ie suck the sap, and bang your dead:).Honestly, you could probably ignore all of it and be OK, as they're not devastating issues. Here is a link that might be useful: blackspot

Dave: There is a condition known as sunscald which occurs in northern latitudes when the low-angle rays of the sun strike the trunk while ambient temperatures are way below freezing. This causes thermal shock on the trunk, and can result in bark splitting. Many growers in northern locations paint their trunks with white latex for that reason. It is debatable whether you are far enough north for this condition to occur, but in northern Nebraska it may be possible. Truth be told, there there may be other factors at work here, and it is not always possible to pin them down. Stuff just happens to trees, and if it does not seriously affect the health and productivity of the tree, you can be grateful for that. If these are full-dwarf trees and they have made it to 14 years without serious issues, that is pretty good in itself. Dwarfs will not compete with standard or even semi-dwarf trees for longevity. My semi-dwarf trees that are older than 15 years have lots of bark scaling on some of the upper limbs, but they continue to soldier on and produce, and I don't plan to remove them. It sounds as if you attention to spraying is very good, but I don't think there is any chemical spray that could have prevented bark splitting, and assume that the white worm was just taking advantage of a place to hide. Don Yellman, Great Falls, VA

Sabrina, The best advice that I should give to you is contact your local agricultural extension office. This/these network(s) of local offices are usually connected with a state University or College with agricultural programs with experts who know your local area (and related diseases/pests) the best. Additionally, I have never been charged for their services. I'm not sure where you live in CA, but this is one statewide network that may be helpful(http://ucanr.org/), its the UC Davis center hub for ag extension offices. California has excellent resources in that the agricultural industry is huge, and many experts are in the area. What I did when I suspected fire blight on a new tree is take the best pics that I could. Then I suggest that you call up the ag office and speak with a specialist, master gardener, etc and if needed, send the pictures to him/her via web. I thik that even in certain special circumstances they send people out to look at trees. I think/hope this approach will end the guesswork for you as it did for me. Best of luck. http://ucanr.org/ce.cfm or- Type this into Google: university of california davis agricultural extension office

there is a very active fruit forum ... they do things a lot different that tree peeps .. and the most important.. is the 3 to 5 spraying PER YEAR .. to grow pretty fruit .. frankly.. i gave up on fruit a long time ago ... because it wasnt worth the effort ... there is nothing you can do ... to make what fruit you have pretty.. this year ... though you may still get some apples for a pie or 3 ... presuming of course.. they are good apples ... you still dont know that ... unless you want to invest considerable time and effort in fruit growing.. consider removal of the tree ... its ok, if you want to ... fruit peeps also do significant annual pruning.. to reduce the crop size.. and to open the tree up to get sun inside .. another annual maintenance .. resulting in a nice crop.. but a potentially ugly tree ... walk thru any local orchard ... and see what i mean ... its a great hobby.. if you want to invest the time.. effort and money ... but many of us.. chucked that hobby long ago ... ken