I'm not knowledgable, but it reminds me of an Orrefors vase I got in Sweden, where the Orrefors craftsmen will take vases that have an imperfection and etch a design to eliminate, incorporate, or otherwise hide the flaw. I'm sure I bought mine at the factory store, but it does not say Orrefors on the bottom. Yours is simply lovely, I'm sure you enjoy it!

Chickweed, Stellaria media, a cool weather annual weed. Very easily pulled up but do it before it goes to seed!! Also edible if you care to get rid of it that way :-)

That chair appears to be covered in sheepskin (like Arctander's Clam chair https://www.1stdibs.com/furniture/seating/lounge-chairs/philip-arctander-sheepskin-clam-chair-1950s/id-f_14456521/    or a very thick boucle. Maybe adding those terms to your searches will help? Good luck!

I knew they were nice chairs!! Replacing the seat is easy! Remove the old cane....carefully diggign out the old spline without damaging the wood ( that's the hard part) then You buy the cane already woven... and a length of spline. Soak the cane in glycerin and water to soften and using wooden pegs, push it into the groove where the spline was....when all is tight....squirt some glue into the groove and lay in the spline, firming it up with a rubber mallet. Use an exacto knife to cut the ends of the spline to fit closely. I'll bet ther is a youtube video or two. Once you get the old cane out it's a 20 minute job to replace the cane.