Thank you, Henry, for helping us to understand the research and abstract. I like what you posted: 2) The microorganism must be isolated from a diseased organism and grown in pure culture." ... they comment about why they could not meet this postulate. "3) The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into a healthy organism." .... They were not successful with graft transmission tests.

my co-worker's mother makes $70 hourly on the laptop. She has been without a job for seven months but last month her income was $12724 just working on the laptop for a few hours. Read more on this site http://bit.ly/19FdhC3

Sorry to hear about your non rose virus problems. Wisconsin had a bulletin similar to Alabama's. See the table on page 109 in the link below for the large list of oranamental virused plants that Wisconsin found were being sold during the most recent inspection period, March 2 - June 21, 2012. Of particular interest to this forum is that they found Rose Mosaic Virus in: Coral Cove, Knock Out, Coral Drift, Miss All American, and Garden Party. What do they do if the plants tests positive? Here is a quote from the article: "To limit the spread of these destructive plant diseases to garden plants and crops, DATCP requires all virus-infected nursery stock to be removed from sale and destroyed." Wow, imagine if you were a cash starved small nursery, and the state sized your inventory of say, Knock Out. I cannot envision a better argument for dealers buying virus indexed stock. Here is a link that might be useful: Wisconsin Bulletin

Henry, I've talked with Alma and her major professor about her thesis. It's one of those written as chapters suitable for publication. Both told me that the two (of four total) that deal with RRD (then) are the two published in Weed Science with several co-authors. Can your library access Weed Science? If not, let me know. Cutting off an infected cane HAS to be done before the virus moves down into the roots (assuming stem meristem infection) and back out. I've saved several roses from different classes in my yard by catching the problem when only a single leaf node (or three on one side of the cane) were infected in fall. I saved an American Pillar in spring when it was out on a cane about ten feet from the roots. I've never saved a HT, and I've only seen RRD on HTs in spring. That may have something to do with the transmission times in fall to late fall. The one thing that (I don't think) has been addressed is what it is about RRD that ultimately kills the host rose. Epstein and Hill reported a lack of sugar to starch conversion in long infected canes. The odd thing that I watched this year was that some roses I've watched for four years finally got down to scrawney, skinny leaves often with PM and then they died in May (which was not a time of drought or too much rain- just really nice weather.) We know from Glen Viehmeyer and Percy Wright that both saw RRD overwinter in the colder parts of Canada. I don't think we know much about temperature and the whole batch of EMARviruses.