I'm pretty sure it's in the saxifrage family...and I have a hard enough time with a few of them when they're in my hand! So here's a site to help you key it out...now you just need a magnifying glass! Oh, and a computer on hand to look up the botanical terms! Here is a link that might be useful: Saxifrage family

Sun or shade? For shade or part shade, I'd consider partridgeberry, wild ginger or downy phlox. For sun, waldstenia (barren strawberry) or kinninkinnick.

Bummer. That said, I am not a purest about anything. I think that if most of your yard is catering to wildlife , that this will not tip the long term effect. I think that bamboo is a good dirt builder and birds love it. Wildlife is also attracted to non native species.. My only concern is the damage that it might do to the foundation over the years. The clumpers do expand out in a formidable root mass when happy. Are they allowed to build right up to the plot line? I had old ubiquitous running bamboo that we contained in retaining walls and it got above 2 floors and would have done most of the third floor. I imagine with the hanging over of the crown yours will create zones of privacy, maybe not complete privacy. I think that you will get used to it after a decade or so. I found that we are flexible humans and the allusion of privacy is often just as good as complete privacy in our minds.. Is there anything else that you can plant. I suspect that the bamboo does capture rain in the leaves and mosquitos love it or so some people say. Others say that is a myth. I had an awful mosquito problem and I had a lot of bamboo in the neighborhood. I also had a river not far away and a dry creek bed with wallows.. I read somewhere that it was the bamboo that attracted them but I have also read the opposite..

Polygonum sp. I believe.