A forensic scientist could estimate how long the bird has been laying on the ground by examining the stage of the magots. In my opinion, the carcas has been there for at least 24 hrs. Since you did not see any injuries, this suggests the worst: The bird died of a quick acting disease, probably a virus. Our DNR has asked people to collect and turn in birds that have died from no apparent reason. They want them for lab tests. They are tracking a few diseases. There are some other causes: 1. Old age. 2. Not likely for a purple martin, but the bird may have struck a pole or other object and broke its neck while in flight. 3. Struck a vehicle on the street and made to your back yard before collasping. 4. Struck an aircraft and fell in your yard. 5. Was shot by a pellet gun. 6. Poisoned. 7. Got too drunk on fermented mulberries.

Indulge me folks; this one's going to be long. I'm going to answer the questions 'cause I just luuuuve talking about my Purple Martins. I love all birds, of course, but these guys are my main focus for the couple of months they're here. SheilaJoyce ~ There is a double pulley system on top of the 14' tall pole. The white rope runs around one pulley and attaches to the top of the lead weights inside the pole. The rope also runs inside the hub (the square black/white box that holds all the arms) and down to the ground. (It's called the EZ Lift system; you can email me for more info.) When the rack (hub plus arms) is "up" I can pull on the white rope (without much force) and the rack glides down the pole until the gourds are at my chest level. I can then check and maintain the nests without risking harm to the eggs or chicks and without have to use a step ladder. Pulling on the black rope raises the hub back to the pole top and adjusts the orientation of the gourds. They have to always be pointing the same direction. Decoys are used when trying to lure in a PMs to a new site. I have several but I only had to use them the first season here. People can check the PMCA site to learn when the martins' migration is expected in their area. Prepare the houses/gourds, etc. and set out the decoys before that date. I also play a CD of PM "Daytime Chatter." It makes the site look and sound occupied to overhead PMs. Sometimes they're so far away and/or so high you might now see/hear them, but they'll see/hear the site. People attract colonies all the time without decoys but it just gives you that little edge. I've loaned my CD and decoys out to three newbie "landlords" to help them start their colonies. I left this one decoy up to help confuse the hawks. Hawks are a native bird, also protected by the migratory bird laws, but they can wreck havoc on a colony. Many times, if a site it attacked by hawks, and they lose many chicks, the PMs will not return to that site the next year. PMs also leave the colony for hours at a time to hunt their flying insects. That's when the chicks are in the most danger from hawk attacks. I've seen a sharp-shinned hawk attack the decoy. Slammed right into it, knocked himself sideways, and then flew off to a tree. After smoothing out his feathers, and his pride, he left for feathery pastures. He now thinks the birds at this site are indestructible. The decoy survived! LOL McMann Aren't all the native birds wonderful! You don't have to do anything to enjoy them. Putting out seed, or suet, or nectar, is a great way to lure them in for easier viewing. Offering a birdbath that is kept filled with clean fresh water is another very low stress way to help the birds, and little critters, and bring them in closer so you can hear and see them. I've lived in places where all I could offer the birds was water. Even then I had more varieties around me than I could have imagined. I became interested in the Purple Martins, and Blue Birds, when I was reading about how close they came to extinction. The blue birds even more so than the Purple Martins. Both species have suffered loss of habitat and predation by the two non-native birds that are increasing to the point of wiping out the native cavity nesters...that would be the European Starling and European House Sparrow. I've been blessed with good luck with the PMs. Except for my first season (2003) I've had large clutches of eggs and a nearly a 100% fledge rate. (A bird is a successful fledge once it survives to the right age to leave the nest, and does so, under it's own power.) I learned about the PMCA and started reading, and studying, and saving my money to purchase a gourd rack. I joined two private PM forums filled with experienced landlords that offer so much encouragement and decades of experience of what does, and doesn't, work. Like me, they're all striving for larger percentages of fledged PMs. I've also put up blue bird houses, but they're "trickier" than the PMs, at least for me. I'm still trying; one of my friends joined in the BB quest. She now hosts two or three pairs, who raise two and three clutches, every year. And she lives in a 300 home suburb with a tiny yard! I'm so proud of her. She does have the houses in the right sites; she controls EUST and EUHS, and offers water for the BBs. Leslie I love your site, and aren't your pinkies a beautiful sight! I love the photos you sent, too! There are two camps in the PM world, LOL. Those that do use Sevin, and those that don't. I use it. I use it at least three time in the season and then again if I see even one mite. It's all a numbers game. Get the adults healthy and safe and let them produce every egg and raise every chick that's possible. Mites kill birds. They weaken the adults so they can't hunt as efficiently to feed the chicks. They cause anemia and blood loss to the chicks. They cause chicks to jump out of the nest before they can fly. They kill chicks. So, when I make the pre-nests, before the martins arrive, I sprinkle a scant teaspoon of Sevin on top of each nest. The new birds arrive, go in the gourd, scuttle around, and any mites they picked up along the route are dead. I do a nest change when the chicks are around 10 days old and again when they are 18 days old. (Don't open a nest after the oldest chick reaches Day 18 though or you may cause premature fledging. The chicks will most likely die.) Take out the chicks, remove all the old nasty nests, add new cedar shavings, mix in a teaspoon of Sevin, ( I mix this in good so the chicks aren't in just one concentrated area of Sevin) replace the chicks and raise the gourds. No, this doesn't bother the adults at all. Some of them sit on the perching arms, a couple feet from my head while I do it. Others zoom around and "flog" me. They have imprinted on humans since before the time of Columbus when the east coast native Americans set gourds up on poles around their camps and villages to attract the birds. I've had females that won't leave the gourd even when I'm checking the nests and counting eggs/chicks. Since you're using box type houses, and probably don't have the volume of nesting material I use, I'd say 1/2 to 3/4 teaspoon of Sevin would do the trick. It's up to you. I've had mites in only one gourd for the all the time I'm managed the PMs. When mites get in one gourd, they can't move out and along the metal arms to the next gourd. In most houses, they can crawl from nest to nest quickly and easily. It's very important to keep a close eye out for mites if you're offering apartment type housing. If you don't want to use Sevin you should still do the nest changes. This gets rid of most of the mites. You might want to do nest changes more often if you're not using Sevin. Granlan Thanks; you're kind. This has been the Little House of Horrors and The Money Pit combined. If we're ever finished, and if my health improves, I'm hoping for "cute" and "serviceable." I'm learning a lot as we slowly muddle through all the fixes. The front of the house, and the front yard, are totally flat and boring. The house borders on "ugly." Heck, it might be firmly imbedded there. But it does host my PMs and scores of other birds in the feeder tree. I am thankful to have a place to live and enjoy my birding. Connie I know they're in your area. I'm in touch with PM "Landlords" all over the country. I'll try to locate some closer to you if you want to check out their sites. Most of us are so happy to show our birds off to others. I meet people all PM season long, looking at and asking questions about the gourds and birds. MaryAnnTX Texas is a PM Paradise. Your birds will arrive, nest, fledge, and start the migration back to Brazil before my eggs have hatched. I find it amazing. Someone told me the PMs seem to be a lot of "work." They're really not, and it is a labor of love. I do remove, empty, and clean, and store all the gourds in September, after the last of the Canadian PMs migrate through. I want them to see my site, too! I have to make the pre-nests and rehang them in April. That's the two biggest chores. I do two or three at a time, as time and health permit. I do a daily walk-around, checking the ground under the gourds for any signs of hawk or owl attacks. I also fill my feeders and bird bath while the colony is "in" so they get use to seeing me. Nest checks take less than 30 seconds per gourd; nest changes take a couple minutes, tops, per gourd. The rest of the time is just enjoying, watching, listening, observing.

Marilyn C. I hope so, too. They would not have any chance with the hen dead. This way there is at least some hope. Lisa - They lay one egg a day, usually before noon, until they have their clutch complete. It can be anywhere between four and eight eggs. On the day this hen was injured (many will die after being attacked by so many males) she had just laid her second egg. I check the nests daily and keep a log of the number of eggs. Incubation usually begins when the next-to-last egg is laid. By noticeing when the last egg is laid, but keeping the written record, I can estimate the hatching and fledging dates. Lily316 - Tree encroachment is one of the top reasons people either fail to attract martins, or lose their colony. One neighbor across the street had to take down a huge, dying tree, an elm of some sort. The canapy of the tree was twice as big as their house! I did like the tree, but I was also happy to see it fall. It opened up a third flyway for my guys. The city makes home owners remove any dead trees, or trees that are so far gone they know they won't recover.

Lydia 1959...As far as it's known, from decades of research by the PMCA and other organizations, the Purple Martins in the eastern half of the U.S. nest only in man-made cavities, and near human activity. Since the times before Columbus they have "imprinted" on humans. The eastern Native Americans lured them to their villages and gardens by setting natural gourds on sticks and dead trees. They knew when the Purple Martins were near, the flying insects were kept at bay. There is a small scattering of PMs on the west coast, and they seem to be nesting in single family groups around piers. There was a lot of excitement when a colony was discovered nesting in drainage pipes under highway overpasses around the Sacramento area. Still, for the vase majority of the Purple Martins, and the entire eastern population, it's man made housing. You can see the problem since fewer and fewer people are offering, and safely managing, housing for them. The PMs, along with our native blue birds, started declining in the 1950s and were fast approaching endangered status. The main causes were lack of housing being offered to them, loss of wooden fence posts in the case of the blue birds, and the explosion of the imported, non-native English House Sparrow that will kill/destroy any cavity nester, its eggs and its chicks, that it can find...PMs, bluebirds, chickadees, woodpeckers, nuthatches, etc. all fall prey to these non-natives. So, loss of habitat, explosive numbers of non-native competitors, and a lack of well-managed housing not being offered is the main culprits of the decline of our native cavity nesters. I wish you could come visit. I sit under the feeder tree each morning with my tea and listen to the beautiful chatter, chortles, and songs of the PMs. They're here for such a short time, but I try to enjoy them enough to last the rest of the year. They travel to and from southern Brazil each year to raise their families. They come back to the same colony each year. They are magical!