Any soft bodied insect pest will be effectively controlled using Insecticidal soap, Neem oil or BT sprays. These products are safe and effective when applied following the directions on the containers. The key to success is to read all the words on the label; a novel concept for some of us! That would be me who learned this the hard way.

Thanks for the heads up. :-) Meant to reply sooner but time slips away. I got rid of the infestation and they haven't come back. I lost about a third of the oleander but I have faith it will come back just fine. I trimmed it back and it's showing no more signs of damage. Too bad those things are so destructive. They sure were interesting looking.

Got it now - agreed with jean that you likely have leafrollers. The wasp in your original pic is likely a predator of these caterpillars and is enjoying the bounty. From the number of wasps that fly off, they have told all their friends and are feasting. on your bounty. If it were me, I'd let the wasps do their work unless the chewing gets, say, 25% worse. These wasps are doing the killing for you, and their young will hatch and the adults will kill more. Be careful with anything you spray not to hit the wasps - they are good guys. Dan

Sadly I don't have a camera that could zoom in far enough to show how small that thing was. It was smaller than my big boy tomato seeds and was a little larger than a Forget Me Not seed. It had a exo-skeleton as well I believe as it passed the "rub test" without immediately melting in my hand. Like I said it was really tiny so not even my best camera could even focus enough to show this critter.