Mealy bugs? I never saw them on roses.

If the white areas are raised, I would suspect a fungal problem.

My "quick and simple" test for fungal problems is to add a drop of undiluted drug store 3% hydrogen peroxide and look for bubbles being formed.

http://homeguides.sfgate.com/hydrogen-peroxide-plant-fungus-86713.html

Here is a link that might be useful: hydrogen peroxide and plant fungus

Don't look at the leaves. The white stuff on the leaves is not the problem. It is morning dew with the sun hitting it. The leaves are beautiful and clean. It is the "chickenpox" on the canes that I am worried about. All the canes have those green spots that are slightly raised.
I can see no holes to indicate that an insect has punctured the area, but I can't be sure that it is not insect damage.
On the other hand, I'm concerned that it is a disease of some kind.

It's just not clear enuff for me to say.

Jeri

Various essentially harmless fungal lesions on the bark are common. I wouldn't worry about it as long as the cane supports healthy growth.