That looks like it may not have been perfectly mixed before pouring, or that the mix was a little too stiff. It also looks like they did not use a concrete vibrator to settle the mix and remove air bubbles. I wouldn't be entirely happy with that either.

Bricklock Type S is one option - it has a lot of Portland and is super sticky. Quikrete also makes a stucco finish coat/surface bonding cement (white bag, sold at Lowes, etc) that works really well. When I did the stucco coat on my pizza oven I did a portland-heavy mortar mix for my base coat, and the white bag quikrete for the top coat. That top coat was easier than frosting a cake, and I was able to buff it smooth as glass with a finishing sponge.

“Even though we've complained, they just respond with that its all cosmetic.” What that shows is that they have no standards and don’t really care. If they let the foundation guys get away with sloppy work, what else do they let go? I started my career with production builders but couldn’t make it as I was constantly expected to go against my standards and beliefs of what “acceptable” work was. I found myself taking the side of the clients vs the builder almost always. At the end of the day, as long as they get your money in the end they really don’t care if you are happy or not. If you don’t accept it, they will throw a sign in the yard and sell it to the next guy. This is just the beginning. Like Mark said, take lots of pictures and document. I would request that the engineer that designed the foundation come and inspect before framing. They are the ones who need to carry the warranty. FYI - honeycombing is usually when the concrete is still flat but you can see a lot of the aggregate. That is just missing concrete/voids.

Yeah - that's a lot of area that's begging for trouble. And it extends to the left, as well.