Anyone bored and want to take a survey for my daughter?
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Comments (27)From Nick Pine (via usenet): Article 63609 of misc.consumers.frugal-living: From: nick@ufo.ee.vill.edu (Nick Pine) Newsgroups: alt.energy.renewable,sci.engr.heat-vent-ac Subject: Re: Refrigerator -keep it full? Date: 2 May 1997 08:26:06 -0400 Organization: Villanova University Mark A. Yedinak wrote: >Polar wrote: >> I'd always heard that refrigerators should be kept full to >> work at maximum efficiency. If the door is closed, full or empty won't make much difference. If the door is opened once in a while, empty seems better, because the greater the surface area inside the refrigerator (eg the more stuff inside) the more heat will transfer to those cold surfaces from warm room air that circulates around them when the door is open. This is known as "Newton's law of cooling," invented by Isaac Newton, who also brought us gravity and calculus :-) >> An engineer friend has just debunked this theory as follows: >> >> He says the basis for the "theory" was that keeping refrig. >> full decreased the volume of air which might escape when door opened. >> The warm air entering, would then have to be cooled. It seems to me that as long as the door is open, room air circulates through the fridge, all the while warming the contents, if any. It's not like a single slug of room air replaces a single slug of refrigerator air, and then airflow stops. A 6' tall fridge might have 16.6x2ft^2sqrt(6'(70F-40F)) = 500 cubic feet per minute of air flowing through it when the door is open. If the door is open for 10 seconds, 80 ft^3 of air might flow through the fridge. Suppose an EMPTY 3' cubical fridge contains 27 ft^3 of space and 54 ft^2 of wall area, and it's 30 F inside and the door is open 10 seconds, allowing 70 F room air to circulate through the fridge. Suppose when the door closes, all the air in the fridge is 70 F and it needs to be cooled to 30 F again. Since 1 Btu can cool about 55 ft^3 of air 1 F, cooling that mass of air requires 27(70F-30F)/55 = 19.6 Btu (0.006 kWh.) But while the door was open, the circulating air heated the 54 ft^2 of interior surface (slightly) with a thermal conductance of about 1.5 Btu/h-F-ft^2, by about 10/3600(70-30)54x1.5 = 9 Btu. So opening the door added about 29 Btu to the empty fridge. Now suppose we FILL the fridge with 216 2 liter soda bottles (each about 12" tall x 4" diameter, with about 1.2 ft^2 of surface area) in 3 layers of 72 bottles, in a nice regular array, with air free to circulate around them, and open the door for 10 seconds. When the door closes, we now only have to cool 27 ft^3 - 216x2/28.32 = 11.75 ft^3 of air, which requires only 8.5 Btu, but while the door was open, we heated 54 + 216x1.2 = 313 ft^2 of surface by 10/3600(70-30)313x1.5 = 52 Btu, adding a total of about 60 Btu to the fridge, twice as much heat. (And perhaps more importantly, we also condensed a lot more water vapor onto that greater surface, at 1000 Btu/lb. The vegetables inside may also have cooled themselves by evaporating more water, which dripped out through the bottom of the fridge and evaporated into the room.) >> ...the energy expended to cool the water bottles, or whatever, is much >>greater than than which would be expended to cool the air entering a >>near-empty frig. True, but that's like comparing apples and oranges, or non-recurring and recurring costs, and it's related to that old myth that setback thermostats don't save money. We only need to spend the energy to cool the thermal mass of the water once, not every time the door is opened. >Your engineer friend is incorrect. The reason a refridgerator runs more >efficiently when full than when empty... Does it? It might, if the compressor cycles less. But years ago (ca 1930), when people cared more about energy efficiency (and today, in Sunfrosts), refrigerators used to have "heat accumulators," thermal mass on the outside of the fridge, attached to the hot coils on the back, to allow them to stay warm even when the compressor was not running, so they could more efficiently transfer heat to the room on a full time vs a part time basis, keeping the hot coils cooler (while making hot water?) I guess empty fridges tend to cycle more often, ie work more in this way. >is because the refridgerator itself is not required to work as much. A full fridge has to work harder at first to cool the contents, but after that, things are about the same. That initial cost is a lot less than the recurring cost, over a few days or more. >When an empty refridgerator is opened and then shut again, the warmer air >which entered needs to be cooled again. The only thing which will be able >to do this is the fridge itself. Agreed, but the objects the warm air warmed while the fridge was open also need to be cooled (and dried) again. The fewer things inside, the less of that cooling is required. >...when the fridge is full, those items take longer to warm, therefore they >stay cool even after the fridge has been opened and closed. These items now >help in cooling the air around them. Agreed, but that doesn't seem relevant to this kind of energy consumption (vs. "thermal mass refrigerators" powered by outdoor coolth, eg in Earthships.) >So, try to keep the fridge full. It will run more efficiently because it >will need to run less. So, try to keep the fridge empty. It will run more efficiently because it will need to run less. Nick It's a snap to save energy in this country. As soon as more people become involved in the basic math of heat transfer and get a gut-level, as well as intellectual, grasp on how a house works, solution after solution will appear. Tom Smith...See MoreAnyone want to take a gander? (Long with pics)
Comments (11)Thanks for all the comments and information! I've been overwhelmed with other business the last few days, but I got to look around for some information last night and found some very similar pieces through ARTFACT.com. Tomorrow I hope to get to the library. TrueGrits -- It's interesting that you say you have an almost identical secretary, as we spied one very similar at our neighbor's home down the street. It's very odd to come face to face with something so similar to something that you know (Or thought!) is in limited supply in this world. Although I guess this was a very popular style, given all the examples I've seen. Also, interestingly enough, last night on Ebay, I found an auction from January for the exact same book we have that dates to 1695. It sold for only $1500 or so. :( It's actually the one peice we've considered selling, but not at that kind of price! It's truly an amazing book by Otavio Scarlatini; here's just a portion of the description: "describing and depicting the human body in its details and in its entirety in every aspect conceivable, from the anatomical, rational, moral, mystical, political, legal, etc. point of view, and furtherrmore as used in emblems, morals, mystics, proverbs, language symbols, prognostications, pictures, statues, history, rites, reflections, customs, numismatics, dedications, signatures, literary allegories, epitaphs, fables, wonders, medicine, dreams, etc." Can you imagine? We got our copy from DH's brother who got it from his father who was a well-known editor in NYC in the 70's. He apparently got it from a writer friend in lieu of payment for something (?)...don't remember the details, but as I recall, there's a typed letter in the book. Or maybe that's to the writer from whomever he got it from? Dunno... Anyway, here's a link if anyone's interested: Susan Here is a link that might be useful: Homo et ejus partes figuratus & symbolicus, anatomicus.......See Moregrown daughter doesnt want to take care of son
Comments (13)Unless your state is much more well off financially than most, it's highly likely that even if social services decides his mother isn't the best caregiver for your grandson, they will try to place him with a family member. That's generally what happens around here, at lease, if there's anyone at all in the family who is remotely interested and capable of caring for the child, so I wouldn't be overly concerned that a call for a little help would necessarily shunt him immediatley into the foster system. However, it probably would be a good idea to check around to make sure how things work in your specific jurisdiction. What about calling a home health service? Explain the situation to them and ask what help they can offer and what it will cost. After all, young mothers sometimes need to have medical procedures, so I'm sure the appropriate temporary help is available--you just need to find it. What about hiring a responsible babysitter? Will your medical 'time off' be in the summer? you might be able to find a teacher or responsible college student who might like a couple of extra weeks pay during her vacation. If you belong to a church or other group, you might find a few women there who would be happy to pitch in. The one thing I wouldn't do is force your dd to take care of a child she has no interest in. I know it's an extreme case, but wouldn't little Kaleigh (sp?) Anthony have been better off if her mother had been allowed to put her up for adoption, rather than being forced to keep her by her mother? I'm definitely NOT saying your dd is like Casey, but I also don't think it would be in your gchild's interest to have an unintersted mother caring for him. Sorry to say, but her behavior is very symptomatic of a person with an addiction. there's plenty of help around for you--I'm confident you and the other grandmother will find a way. One solution might be to put the child in daycare during the day (M-F) so the other grandmother only has to watch him a few hours a day. There are child care/day care facilities that will take short term cases like this, but you may have to do a little digging to find one. Good luck...See MoreI don't want to live with my fiance's daughter.
Comments (41)I think it's wrong for him to make such a drastic financial decision without your vote too. i think it's wrong for him to make such a life changing decision without you feeling comfortable with it. I think him being a clean freak and not putting his foot down on her disgusting habits is absolutely disrespectful towards you.. especially since you are the one cleaning it up. If he is the absolute love of your life and you think you can't live without him, then i would suggest (and maybe this is crazy) getting a house with a connected inlaw suite situation and putting her in it!Maybe then you can have "family time" when it is right for you. i know i will get criticized on that one.. ok it does sound crazy lol..but this child doesn't seem too concerned with anyone else, does she? Kids aren't stupid. They know what they're doing.If you can afford it, get her counseling and keep her busy with summer programs. In the long run, kids like a little discipline and order, whether they realize it or not. You've got to start all over with this girl and decide to make her new upbringing a project you both agree to or.. well.. RUN!!! The only reason i'm not starting my input out with "RUN!!!" is because i live with my boyfriend and he is the sweetest, warmest, kindest boyfriend ever. However, when his girls disrespect me he puts his foot down because he knows i'm taking on alot. They are over every other weekend and the only reason i am taking on this situation (not wanting kids AT ALL)is because he deserves my love and attention. He is all the things most women crave in a boyfriend and i love him dearly. We have a great relationship, so i put up with life being not what i planned on. Having said that, if we were to break up, THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO WAY I WOULD DATE SOMEONE WHO HAD KIDS, unless they were adults and out of the house and normal and excessively kind to me. i stopped mid way through your story and said a prayer for you.. and i'm not even religious. If he can't make this situation easier for you, and you still want to see him, then do so, from the luxury of your own clean, dreamy place. If he can't compromise, let him clean up his own mess. We've got to stop supporting men who can't support the things we hold dear....See Moregail618
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