I would keep your basic layout and thereby save on plumbing costs. You have a fairly spacious bathroom to work with here. A nice drop-in or undermount tub can go just where the current one sits. Many designs will butt this tub against the side of the shower enclosure, some with a short wall with a shower bench at the end of the tub surround. I can't tell for sure how much space that leaves you for your vanity. You may want to draw in the existing fixtures with measurements so that people can see the clearances.

If you don't have plumbing or electrical in the wall that the door to the bedroom is on, you could consider a pocket door there. Then a slider door on the shower can open from the side, instead of the tub side where it is now. if the shower is long enough for a slider. Having a shower door swing out might not work in your bathroom's space. if the vanity is too close.

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If there is room, that lets the side of the shower that abuts the tub have a small bench. Like this, but reversed.

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I would consider just shelves for a few bottles, instead of a niche, unless both of you need your own brand of cleanser, shampoo, and conditioner. It is a cleaner look and can go over to the wall end, out of sight when you enter the room. Again, like this but reversed. Since you don't show the dimensions of the shower you have, I can't tell if it will be spacious, or more like this one, which needs a swing-open door. You could also make the wall between the tub and shower all glass with just a few inches of the end of the tub enclosure inside the glass to serve as a foot rest. For a telephone-booth style shower, the one below does work, the arms and shoulders having the extra room above the foot-rest/shelf that they need to move around. This one also shows how a shelf for the toiletries can work.

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I am thinking that this shower would be around 3 ft deep and 4 ft long, right? You would still have to figure out how to place the controls where you could turn on the water from outside.

Finally, here is an example of one with a wall between the tub and shower that feels a little more enclosed. In this picture, there can be a niche in the short wall to hold toiletries out of sight. With your entry to the room where it is, a niche in the wall separating the shower from the tub will be in full view and can look cluttered.

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Since you want a two-person tub, I bet a drop in or undermount as I have been showing you would work best. Freestanding tubs need room on all sides to get back there to clean. They look best when not crammed into a space, too. Have the two of you gone to showrooms and sat into any tubs? That may be an important next step in your planning, so that you know what size is going to work for you. then you will know better how to set it all up.

If you do a shower and tub adjoining each other on this side, you may have a tight fit for the vanity. I have a custom 16" deep vanity top (14" deep at the floor) and it does give us all the room we need for setting things down while getting ready. We each have a good sized medicine cabinet to hold all of our toiletries, and that really does make up for not having counter-top space for storage. So can modern vanity drawers that are made to go around the plumbing but still give you storage. It is harder for you, though because the vanity wall is an outside wall. You may not have the depth for a recessed med cab and wall insulation. That is something to consider, and is based on what climate you live in, as well.

Thank you for your ideas! I agree it would be expensive to move the plumbing. I like the idea about the tub and the shower, but still a little unsure about the vanity and the toilet. We will figure something out!