Since we have been discussing snakes in several recent posts, I thought it might be a good time to RE-post some info on helping newbies identify the 3 types of poisonous snakes they might run across in the garden. I put together these posts a couple of years ago, but they disappeared from the archives. Betsy kindly sent me two of the 3 that I had finished, and I will post them each separately today.
This first one is how to identify a coral snake. Hope it is helpful to some of you.
Marcia
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Since most of us strive for some wildlife in our gardens, I think we are all interested in the types that might come visiting. So, I don't think this is an inappropriate place for this topic, myself. Hope no one feels differently.
There are several different types of critters that could come into discussion here, but since we were talking about Snakes in the Ferns, let's start with Snakes 101: How To Know If You Are In Mortal Peril When You Spot One Hiding in the Mulch Pile. (Hint: You probably AREN'T.)
I mentioned earlier that there are 3 varieties in central Florida you need to recognize, but that's a teensy bit misleading. I sort of lumped rattlesnakes into one group, and there are actually 2 rattlers here in central Florida and at least 1 more in northern Florida. BUT, really a rattlesnake is pretty much one kind of snake, even with some pattern and size variation, so I hope you won't think I cheated too much. We will get to rattlers later, btw.
First, let me say that ALL of the poisonous snakes in Florida fall into one of 2 categories: pit vipers, with their haemotoxic poisons and coral snakes, which have neurotoxic venom. This just means that most poisonous snakes have venom that acts on the blood and circulatory system, causing really nasty wounds(haemotoxic), while coral snakes have a venom that acts on the central nervous system and can cause paralysis. If anyone wants more info on those aspects, I'll be glad to share what I know.
But I think what most of you want to know is how to tell the "bad guys" from the "good guys." (Using that term loosely, of course, since they are all really good guys...just not always good to have in one's backyard.)
Let's start with the odd man out, the coral snake. I'll divide the different snakes into separate posts so the thread won't get too long if anyone has questions about these, or pictures they'd like to share of these species.
Coral snakes are red, black & yellow snakes, brilliantly marked and beautiful to see. They can grow to about 4 feet or so, but it is rare to see them over 24". I would venture that most of the ones you might be lucky enough to spot would be closer to 18" or smaller. The babies are marked exactly like the adults, so no confusion there. The colorful rings go ALL THE WAY AROUND THE BODY, where in some of the other similar species, they do not. More on that later. Coral snakes feed on other small snakes and lizards, primarily.
Every other band on a coral snake is yellow, so you will see yellow touching red and yellow touching black, but never red touching black. The rhyme is "Red on yellow, kill a fellow, red on black, friend of Jack," but frankly, I find that confusing to try to remember when you have just been startled by a brightly colored snake. For me, the easiest thing to remember is that coral snakes have BLACK noses and NONE of our other mimics do.
Here is a photo of the Eastern Coral Snake for you. Notice that the red and black bands are always separated by yellow ones, and NOTICE THE NOSE IS BLACK. That's a dead give away, every time.
Here is a complete body shot, again displaying the wide black bands separated from the red ones by narrow yellow bands, AND THE BLACK NOSE. Remember, these bands go all the way around, too.
Even when it is a small snake, seen from farther away, the BLACK NOSE is prominent.
One more close up, showing the small head, round eyes, and...you guessed it...THE BLACK NOSE! ;o) You can also see that the belly area is just as colorful as the top of the snake.
Once you learn exactly what the coral snake looks like...always checking for the BLACK NOSE...the mimics won't fool you. But here they are, just so you can see I'm tellin' you the truth, here.
This is the scarlet king snake. Notice that every other band on this snake is black instead of yellow. The black bands DO touch the red ones, and they are very narrow, compared to the coral snake. And then...THERE'S NO BLACK NOSE. So, nothing to worry about. (The nose is in the lower left hand corner.)
Another closer up view of the scarlet king snake. BTW, the bands of color do encircle the scarlet king's body, like they do on the coral snake. But do we see a BLACK NOSE?? Nope! You can pick this one up, if you wanna!
And a sweet little baby...so pretty. BUT IT STILL DOES NOT HAVE A BLACK NOSE, so it is SAFE.
And this is the other coral snake mimic found in Florida, the Florida scarlet snake. It is very similar to the scarlet KING, but usually much paler in color, and the bands of color do NOT encircle the body. Instead, it has a pale belly. AND NO BLACK NOSE. Soooo...you got it...it's SAFE.
Now did you see a theme here, children??? BLACK NOSES ARE BAD. NON-black noses are NOT. And there you have the key to recognizing the Eastern coral snake, also known as micrurus fulvius
Hope this has helped some of you!
Marcia
garden_hands_feet
manatureOriginal Author
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