You can thin seedlings at just about any time depending on how careful you are. Some prefer to wait until they are at least 1" tall just because they are easier to separate. If you have fat thumbs and fingers like me I prefer using snips to thin rather than pulling them as it doesn't disturb the roots of the others that I'm leaving. As to how many to leave per square, that's a sq. foot gardening issue so they would know best. 1 per sq. foot sounds about right to me but in really fertile soil some would probably try to squeeze in 4. Good luck with you broccoli. I hope the weather cooperates with you planting it this late. Dave

I'm no expert at any of them, but I believe the pasque flower may need to be stratified (damp cold period). You can probaby sow the lupins now, but again I'm not too sure if they need the cold period. I've read before that you should rinse the seeds in cold water really well, then soak them in cold water in the fridge. I think this eliminate the inhibiters. Lupins I believe are in the legum family, I've foudn that anything in the legume famiyl grows pretty fast. For the commercial wildflower mix that I use, I just dump the whole packet over the soil and water. I usually see sprouts in about a week if not sooner.

Usually when you have a floaty thing, that part's chaff and the seeds stuck on the end of it. When you buy seeds the chaff is removed and seeds usually just look like seeds. When you harvest your own some seeds often have some natural transport device (like a shuttle cock) stuck on. That's one of the reasons commercial seeds can be expensive - it takes work to clean the seed to the level that people expect in commercial seed packets and they lose plenty of seeds in the process of cleaning. Here's a good example for you of seed and chaff in helenium autumnale seeds: No need to pluck off all of the fluff. You want to get the seeds clean enough that you don't have bugs hiding in the chaff, and you don't want to trade people a packet full of chaff that doesn't have any seeds in it. Usually a bit of shaking lets the seeds fall out of the flower remains and you can seperate them from the bulk of the other stuff. But for your sowing today, no reason not to just sprinkle the works in the jug - just like Mother Nature would do if she had jugs. :) Lynda

I don't think you would get much flowering at this late date, depending on the mix. I DS my wildflowers Mid March. I litely rake mine if I need to to keep them in place. But usually I use the weedwacked areas and the litter from that to keep em in place.