Salix is used by many species of Lepidoptera (both butterflies and moths), so that would be a long list. Could probably help you more by referring you to the web site of a local Lepidopterists society in your area that does give species accounts, including their preferred larval food plants. Will be a good starting place to learn what species are in your area too.

http://www.dallasbutterflies.com/

Viceroys/limenitis archippua and mourning cloaks/nymphalis antiopa are both supposed to occur all over Texas, and they both use willows. According to my range maps, there's a small area of central Texas and an even smaller area of SW Texas where red-spotted purples/limenitis arthemis occur - they'll use willows, too.
I'm not familiar with twisted willow/salix matsudana, so maybe it's not native to North America? The leaves are probably chemically the same as other willows/salix, in which case they'll use it. They're known to use weeping willows/s. babylonica, and that's not native either.
Sherry

I've heard reports of a lot of different salix genus being utilized as hosts. I think Judy Burris uses a more dwarf - perhaps Arctic Blue, which is a cultivar. I'm sure someone will correct me if I'm wrong.

I know they use pussy willow here in Oklahoma as well as the salix nigra or black willow. But they both get pretty large. I'm trying some containerized growing with the nigra. If it gets too unhappy or large for the container, a branch will root very easily and I can start over.

Ladobe, I love that Dallas Butterflies website. Since we are adjacent to Texas, many of the reported host plants are plants utilized by the same butterflies in Oklahoma. Their lists are very extensive, providing both common and latin names of host plants. I check it frequently because we don't have such an extensive list here, even in our book.

Susan

Thanks for the all the helpful comments and experiences related, and the website!

Today I looked up twisted willow on google and according to the internet it's originally from China and some of the available cultivars are hybrids mixed with American willows. So I guess I'll just to wait and see if the cats like it.

My friend who has the 'tree' keeps trimmed as a 6 or 8 ft tall bush. It make an interesting landscape specimen with it's twisted limbs and graceful foliage and if some caterpillars will use it that would be a big plus for me.

I'm still seeing hardly any butterflies in my yard. I was out at Antique Rose Emporium today and while they usually have 'tons' of butterflies I saw only one butterfly, a Queen on a Gregg's blue mist flower. I don't know what's going on, but the scarcity won't last forever.

Salix matsudana is sometimes considered a synonym of Salix babylonica since they are so very similar. It/they are native to Asia but are grown in NA extensively.

Generally, any bug that uses Salix for a LFP will use any species of it. Most females will try to oviposit on the same species it itself used as a larva, but if that species is not available they will usually use what is.

The DCLS web site is a pretty good one as far as they go. The Internet sure has made it all easier for new hobbyists in comparison to only books and journal papers when I started (and for about 25-30 years before sites started to show up on the Net). And there were not very many books or papers on NA lepidoptera then either, so being self taught was the rule.