It's far too early. They never start to initiate sprouts until daylength and night temps decline in late, late summer. Look for sprout initiation to start around Labor Day, and sprouts to begin to size in late Sept, becoming full sized in October and into November. Your plant has a lot of growing to do yet before it makes any sprouts. BUT, if you don't see anything forming by the end of Sept, cut the top off to send it into sprout-formation mode.

The sharp spray of water is a very effective and does not require lugging a hose around, any pump sprayer will produce that sharp water spray. Was a good, reliable soil test done on the soil before planting? Were any of these simple soil tests done with that soil? Structure. From that soil sample put enough of the rest to make a 4 inch level in a clear 1 quart jar, with a tight fitting lid. Fill that jar with water and replace the lid, tightly. Shake the jar vigorously and then let it stand for 24 hours. Your soil will settle out according to soil particle size and weight. A good loam will have about 1-3/4 inch (about 45%) of sand on the bottom. about 1 inch (about 25%) of silt next, about 1 inch (25%) of clay above that, and about 1/4 inch (about 5%) of organic matter on the top. 2) Drainage. Dig a hole 1 foot square and 1 foot deep and fill that with water. After that water drains away refill the hole with more water and time how long it takes that to drain away. Anything less than 2 hours and your soil drains too quickly and needs more organic matter to slow that drainage down. Anything over 6 hours and the soil drains too slowly and needs lots of organic matter to speed it up. 3) Tilth. Take a handful of your slightly damp soil and squeeze it tightly. When the pressure is released the soil should hold together in that clump, but when poked with a finger that clump should fall apart. 4) Smell. What does your soil smell like? A pleasant, rich earthy odor? Putrid, offensive, repugnant odor? The more organic matter in your soil the more active the soil bacteria will be and the nicer you soil will smell. 5) Life. How many earthworms per shovel full were there? 5 or more indicates a pretty healthy soil. Fewer than 5, according to the Natural Resources Conservation Service, indicates a soil that is not healthy. Is your soil clay, sand, loam, gravel? What is the level of organic matter in that soil, the humus level?

Your sprouts look way better than mine before i caught the worm thing in action. i went out of town for a couple of days and my roommate (who doesn't garden) just watered and didn't notice. when i got back i introduced a couple of wasps (they love cabbage worms) and started using neem oil. organic, and is a mitocide, insecticide and fungicide. will hurt what eats the plants but not what eats the bugs that eat the plants. it is great stuff. one application and no more cabbage worms. i will apply again in a week and then cut back to maintenance spraying schedule. you can use it up to the day before harvest, no problem, and it smells good. kinda minty and citrusy.

I doubt the coffee grounds are having any effect on pests. The product you used is mostly neem oil with a little pyretherin. Neem breaks down quickly and should be reapplied according to package directions. I would look at the underside of the leaves for little caterpillars. If you see caterpillars, you can squish them or use Bt. Any product you use should be sprayed on the underside of the leaves, not just on top.